Sheet-metal casing for culverts, conduits, and drainage-tiling.



A. SMITH. SHEET METAL CASING FOR GULVBRTS, GONDUITS, AND DRAINAGE TILING.

- APPLICATION FILED 111 3.13, 1912.

Patented Jan.7,1913.

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A. SMITH. SHEET METAL CASING FOR OULVBBTS, GONDUITS, AND DRAINAGE TILING.

APPLIUATIOH FILED APR. 13, 1912. v

Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

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ANDREW SMITH, OFSAN MATEO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR T0 SMITH METAL PERFO- RATING COMPANY, OF SAN MATEO, CALIFORNIA.

I SHEET- METAL CASING FOR CULVERTS, CONDUIIS, AND DRAINAGE-T111111 G.

roman.

Specification of Letters iatent.

Patented J an. 7, T913.

Application filed April 13, 1912. 7 Serial No. 690,520.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ANDREW SMITH a citizen of the United States, residing at an Mateo, in the county of San Mateo and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sheet-Metal Casings for Culverts, Conduits, and Drainage-Tiling, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to sheet metal cas ings for culverts, drainage, and other conduits, and the especial object of my present invention is to provide casings with smooth unobstructed interior linings while retaining the advantages of the corrugated structure to 'aiiord the necessary strength and rigidity. v

The superiority of corrugated sheet metal casings has long been recognized, on account of their ability to resistgreat strains and pressures. They have the disadvantage, however, of presenting an uneven interior surface or wall which offers reat resistance to the flow of liquids therethrough, and to obviate this objection, it has been proposed to make the bottom section of sectional culvertof plain uncorrugated metal. This necess'arily weakens the structure, and does not furnish a complete solution of the diiiiculty. in my present invention I retain all of the advantages of a completely corrugated 7 structure, and overcome the previous objections above mentioned by providing a smooth lining for the liquids flowing therethrough. In certain forms'of the invention I provide removable linings which may be replaced in case of wear or'rust.

This invention will be more fully appreciated from the following description in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly broken, of a perforated tubular duplex drainage casing embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of another form thereof; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a tubular corrugated casing having a removable smooth lining; Fi 4 and 5 are perspechaving smooth bottom linings; Fig. 6 shows a a sectional .arched culvert having a removable lining; Fig. 7 shows a tubularcasing having a removable lining and which may have a covering of cement; and Fig. 8

shows a corrugated flume having a removable lining in Fig. 1, T have illustrated a perforated duplex casing suitable for culverts, drainage tiling, or sub-irrigation conduits. The outer casing member is corrugated and is slotted, as at 2, in the conoavities between the corrugations. The meeting ends of adjacent sections may simply telescope, one end of each section being belled as at 4, for this purpose. The inner lining members 5 are smooth-walled and are provided with perforations 6. "The inner members preferably fit snugly into the outer-casing and break joints therewith so that the inner and outer members reinforce each other at the oints.

In Fig. 2, T have-shown a form of casing in which each section forms a portion of an intermediate series of corrugations or intermediate corrugated wall, and portions of the outer and inner smooth walls. One section or unit is shown in full lines and upon either side thereof the adjacent telescoping se'ctions are indicated in dotted lines. The central corrugated portion constitutes onethird of the section, while the smooth end portions are adapted to telescope, respectively, within the corrugated portion of the adjacent section upon the left, and over the corrugated portion of the adjacent section on the right. When the series of sections or units have been assembled, the completed casing is thus provided with continuous smooth outer and inner walls and a continuous intermediate corrugated wall. This three-fold casing is exceedingly rigid and is able to withstand very great pressures, and is not liable to bend between unsupported points, as where cavities are formed by the tions, so that they may be inserted in the 1 casing after it has been assembled and may be removed and replaced when necessary.

A smooth lining may be applied to a sectional casing in the manner illustrated in Fig. 4. In the form here shown, the lining 10 conforms to the curve of the bottom wall and 'is provided with lateral flanges which maybe bolted between 'the side flanges 12 of the casing. 7 1

When the lining is applied to the arched type of culvert, it may be in the form of a flat plate or sheet 14, extending between the side flanges 12 and bolted thereto, as shown in Fig. 5, or it may be removable or be 1nserted or withdrawn after the culvert is assembled, as shown at 14 in Fig. 6. In the latter form I prefer to provide the edges with a reinforced flange 15, which constitutes longitudinal stiffening and strengthening ribs and also serves to guide the plate at the sides as it is bein slid into the In Fig. 7, I have il ustrated' a removable lining, 16, which is more especially intended for use in connection with tubular casings, but which may also be used in the'forms shown in the other figures. I have shown the lining extending over about one-half of the perimeter of the inner wall, but it is evident that it may be greater or smaller in extent when desirable. of the lining are folded back at 18 to form a reinforcement and stifl'ening flange, the outer side of the reinforced end being preferably brought into alinement with the outer wall of the lining in order that the entire lining may be supported in contact with the inner wall of the casing. Under some conditions, where the culvert or conduit is subjected to a large amount of wear from the materials passing therethrough, it is desirable to provide a protective covering or aux- .iliary lining of cement, as shown at 19, and

this should be made of greater thickness in the center where the wear is greatest. The metal support may be a perforated or reticulatedsheet or framework forming in effect va'backing or reinforcement for the cement,

the lining thus having acementitious surface may form a linin with a metal reinforcement. This cementitious lining may be applied either to a lining covering a portion of the interior corrugated Wall of the casing, as shown in Fig. 7 or it for the entire tubular inner wall, as in t e forms shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

My removable linings may also be applied with advantage to open conductor flumes in the manner illustrated in Fig. 8.

The lining 20 is preferably provided with lateral flanges 21, having dependi which extend over the marginal anges of the flume. In this construction, the linings not only provide a smooth unobstructed The lateral edges lips 22,

channel for the flow of the water and materials through the flume, but, by reason of the anchorage affordedby the interfitting flanges, the lining adds very materially to the strength and rigidity of the flume. In'

fact the linings, in all of the forms previously described, add to the rigidity and strength of the casings to resist crushing and bending pressures.

I am aware that varlous changes may be made in the structures illustrated and deduits, and the like, com rising corrugated sections, and a separab e inner, smoothwalled metal lining forming an unobstructed channel and also constituting a reinforcing or stiffening member for the casing.

3. A sheet metal casing for culverts, conduits, and the like, comprising corrugated sections, and a separable inner, smoothwalled metal lining provided with lateral longitudinal flanges.

4. A sheet metal casing for culverts, con

duits, and the like, comprising corrugated sections, and a separable inner, smoothwalled metal lining provided with lateral longitudinal flanges having the metal thereof returned or folded upon itself to form a reinforcement.

5. A sheet metal casing for culverts, conduits, and the like, comprising corrugated sections, and an inner, smooth-walled metal lining provided with lateral longitudinal flanges, and an auxiliary cementitious lining earned by said separable lining.

6. A sheet metal casing for culverts, conduits, and the like, comprising corrugated sections, and an inner, smooth-walled metal lining provided with an auxiliary cementitious lining or surface.

7 A sheet metal casing for culverts, conduits, and the like, comprising corrugated sections, and an inner, smooth-walled lining comprising a cementitious surface and a metal reinforcement.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ANDREW SMITH.

Witnesses:

C. BROWN, CHARLES N. MURRAY. 

